World War I and the Great Depression:
The League of Nations
Have you ever heard of the United Nations? Today, the United Nations is an international organization made up of 193 countries including the United States. Since World War II, the group has been working together to solve international problems and challenges. Before the United Nations, however, there was the League of Nations.
After World War I, the world suddenly seemed smaller, especially to the United States. The U.S. had felt pretty isolated from Europe. The distance across the Atlantic Ocean seemed quite large. After World War I, the U.S. and other countries realized that some events would affect almost every country in the world. Leaders from around the world wanted to organize a group made up from representatives of every country.
United States President Woodrow Wilson came up with the idea for the international problem-solving group. He spoke to Congress on January 8, 1918. His speech has been named The Fourteen Points. He communicated to Congress fourteen ideas that he thought would secure peace for the world. Here is the fourteenth point of his speech. President Wilson outlines his idea for an international league of nations.
After World War I, the world suddenly seemed smaller, especially to the United States. The U.S. had felt pretty isolated from Europe. The distance across the Atlantic Ocean seemed quite large. After World War I, the U.S. and other countries realized that some events would affect almost every country in the world. Leaders from around the world wanted to organize a group made up from representatives of every country.
United States President Woodrow Wilson came up with the idea for the international problem-solving group. He spoke to Congress on January 8, 1918. His speech has been named The Fourteen Points. He communicated to Congress fourteen ideas that he thought would secure peace for the world. Here is the fourteenth point of his speech. President Wilson outlines his idea for an international league of nations.
XIV. A general association of nations must be formed under specific covenants for the purpose of affording mutual
guarantees of political independence and territorial integrity to great and small states alike. An evident principle
runs through the whole program I have outlined. It is the principle of justice to all peoples and nationalities, and
their right to live on equal terms of liberty and safety with one another, whether they be strong or weak. Unless this
principle be made its foundation, no part of the structure of international justice can stand...
guarantees of political independence and territorial integrity to great and small states alike. An evident principle
runs through the whole program I have outlined. It is the principle of justice to all peoples and nationalities, and
their right to live on equal terms of liberty and safety with one another, whether they be strong or weak. Unless this
principle be made its foundation, no part of the structure of international justice can stand...
The League of Nations was established as part of the Treaty of Versailles, the peace agreement that ended World War I. The League lasted from January 1920 to the outbreak of World War II. Even before World War II, however, the League was struggling. Even though the League of Nations was President Woodrow Wilson’s idea, the United States never joined. The goal of the League was to secure international peace. Yet, barely 20 years later, the world would fight a second world war. Still, the League was a very important lesson in what works and what does not work in international policy.
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